Larval density and physicochemical properties of three different breeding habitats of Anopheles mosquitoes in Sudan Savannah Region of Jigawa State, Nigeria

Mosquitoes are tiny insects that can serve as vectors for numerous infectious diseases like malaria. Malaria is considered one of the major causes mortality, loss productivity and a contributor poverty in African continent. In 2020, most global malaria cases (94%) were recorded Africa Region. Nigeria, about 97% estimated populations at risk malaria, with up to 27% 24% deaths respectively 2018. control programmes have challenge rising insecticide resistance main anopheline vectors, this affects primary vector interventions. Africa, dominant mosquito species transmit parasites mainly Anopheles gambiae s.s. A key strategy against mosquito- borne involves targeting disrupt transmission diseases. Environmental changes alter genetic structure, protein profiles enzymes mosquitoes leading increase resistance. Knowing ecology, spatial distribution larvae, some environmental features physicochemical factors important tackling Water larval samples collected from three breeding sites August, September October, 2019. Physicochemical parameters, densities morphological specie identifications determined. Results study reveal variation levels each studied parameter according site study. These variations be attributed differences activities occur study.. Correlation studies indicated significantly higher density agricultural relative industrial residential sites, was by magnitude 10.65 41.30 respectively. complex found predominant all sites. parameters either negative or positive effect on biology depending their levels, hence affect measures making it significant terms programmes.